He says that if the men of Troy were not cowards they would have stoned Paris years a… They are also a compassionate people. Iliad 5. Diomedes is anxious about fleeing from Hector, but he is persuaded by Nestor's arguments. As soon as he does, Menelaus, thrilled at a chance for revenge, leaps down from his chariot. Throughout the Iliad, many of the characters have aristeias; Book V is the aristeia of Diomedes. Book 5 Summary: “Diomedes Fights the Gods” Athena lures Ares away from the battlefield under the guise of avoiding Zeus’s wrath. Throughout the Iliad, it is clear that the best Achaean warriors are far greater than their Trojan counterparts. Aeneas' chariot is captured by the Greeks. 303-4). It is established here that no god can oppose Zeus. The commander-in-chief is horrified by the defeats being dealt to his men, and prays, weeping, to Zeus. Synopsis – Iliad Summary: Back to Top of Page: The story covered by “The Iliad” begins nearly ten years into the seige of Troy by the Greek forces, led by Agamemnon, King of Mycenae. The thought that troubles him most is that Andromache will be hauled away and made captive in a Greek man's house; he will die before he hears the sound of her being dragged away. Hector refuses and goes to see his wife and son. Troy is home to a refined civilization with a gentle and pious citizenry, but brute strength is the only way to protect oneself from an invader. Hector, who is also his brother, insults and condemns Paris, calling him a coward and implicitly blaming him for the war. VI Summary. Summary The poet invokes a muse to aid him in telling the story of the rage of Achilles, the greatest Greek hero to fight in the Trojan War. Diomedes responds that the Achaeans should not accept Paris' giftseven if he should offer Helen. Diomedes has no more reason to fight for Menelaos than Achilles has. The characters and people of Troy, depicted in this section with great sympathy, are doomed. The summaries and analyses may help you. The Aristeia of Diomedes. Aeneas urges him to ride with him in his chariot to strike down Diomedes. For Poseidon, once forced to toil in a humiliating manner under Laomedon, Priam's father, a more understandable motive exists, but the two goddesses are far more constant defenders of the Achaean forces. 1-34 Diomedes slays Phegeus and makes Idaios flee. This brief moment establishes his character's loyalty and respect for the chain of command, preparing us for his re-introduction in this section as the chosen champion of the goddess Athena. Even as the Trojans reach their high tide, we are reminded of their certain destruction. Pandarus is killed, but before Diomedes can kill Aeneas, Aphrodite whisks him away. All rights reserved. Essay Topics. In Homer, war is not pure chaos or mass violence; war is an arena in which individual warriors make all the difference. VII Summary. Only Achilles can see Athena, who tells him not to kill the king. Diomedes sees Nestor's plight and calls to the fleeing Odysseus, who does not heed him. The Iliad by Homer Plot Summary | LitCharts. There is also a strong contrast between the flawed marriage of Paris and Helen and the deep bond between Andromache and Hector. Both sides, with great sorrow, bury their dead. Hector drives the Achaeans back, and Hera, watching the battle, tells Athena that they must stop Ares. Hera, watching from Olympus, is angered, but she is unable to persuade Poseidon that the gods should unite, overrule Zeus, and aid the Achaeans. His vision of battle is one where single men, when inspired or chosen, can drive back the entire opposing army. Finding Zeus, Ares complains about the harsh treatment he has received, but the god of war gets no sympathy from Zeus. The Acheans have come not to conquer, but to destroy. Meanwhile, Hector searches for Paris, with whom he is increasingly angry. He harshly rebukes his brother, but Paris makes excuses for himself and his lateness, saying that he will soon be ready to return to battle. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel. Zeus wakes up after being seduced and duped by Hera. Nestor tells Diomedes that Zeus clearly no longer favors him, and they must flee. The two men charge for the Achaean hero, and Sthenalus urges Diomedes to retreat. Detailed Summary & Analysis Book 1 Book 2 Book 3 Book 4 Book 5 Book 6 Book 7 Book 8 Book 9 Book 10 Book 11 Book 12 Book 13 Book 14 Book 15 Book 16 Book 17 Book 18 Book 19 Book 20 Book 21 Book 22 Book 23 Book 24 Themes All Themes Honor and Glory The Gods Fate and Free Will Wartime Versus … This section contains 548 words (approx. He does not, reminding Sthenalus that if they win they'll take the chariot and horses as a prize. The Question and Answer section for Iliad is a great In Andromache's lament, there is foreshadowing of Hector's destiny. As they come down from Olympus, Zeus sends Iris to warn them that if they do not turn back, Zeus will harm Athena horribly. He is selfish and cares little for anyone but himself. Now Pallas Athene gave Diomedes, Tydeus’ son, strength and courage to prove himself the finest of the Argives and win glory and renown. Thank you! For example, Diomedes' aristeia occurs in Book V; Achilles' aristeia ends the Iliad. The goddesses prepare for battle. In Book 24, the beauty contest of the goddesses and Paris' fateful decision is offered as the reason for Athena's and Hera's hate, but by then the contest seems frivolous compared to the scale of carnage in the Trojan War. His heroes are of a stronger race of men: many times throughout the Iliad, men perform astonishing feats of strength. The troops cry out their agreement with him. During this particular day's fighting, the outstanding warrior is Diomedes, whom the goddess Athena has inspired with exceptional courage and skill. Hide browse bar Your current position in the text is marked in blue. Diomedes smashes through the Trojan ranks with Athena's help, just as later Hector drives the Achaeans back with Ares by his side. Zeus generally tries to keep the gods out of the battle, though this effort often proves futile. Active Themes. Meanwhile, Hector goes back into the city, where all of the women come running around him to ask about their fathers, sons, husbands, brothers, and friends. From among their ranks there are a number of mighty fighters, including Agamemnon, Diomedes, the Aeantes, Odysseus, Patroclus, and of course, Achilles. Apollo carries Aeneas to his temple, where the goddesses Leto and Artemis tend to him, and Apollo makes a doppleganger of Aeneas to replace him temporarily in battle. Zeus is pretty ticked at Hera for orchestrating Hector's assault and the rout of the Trojans. This chilling opening sequence is relieved by the exchange between Glaucos, a Lycian ally of the Trojans, and Diomedes. Themes. Aphrodite is an exception because she has no battle prowess, but even in her case Diomedes wounds her after he has been given great strength by Athena. With gods behind them, single warriors seem worth more than whole armies. In legend, he is the only major Trojan warrior to escape from Troy. The battle continues with great fury, and both armies perform many acts of valor. Diomedes backs down. Paris loses heart and retreats back into the ranks. Symbols & Motifs. 111-120 Sthenelos draws … Homer. Hector proposes that a man meet him in single combat. The Achaeans take the upper hand. Within the city walls of Troy, the Trojans are depicted with tremendous sympathy. Read Book 16 to study for this quiz. Athena agrees, and Apollo proposes the idea to Hector. He recognizes that Paris, when he does fight, is a capable warrior, but explains that he cannot stand it when Paris hangs back from battle. | Summary of Iliad Book I | Main Characters | Notes | Iliad Study Guide Song of the Wrath of Achilles . Like all of the other men close to Andromache, he will fall before Achilles in battle. The elders and especially Priam treat Helen better than she deserves, and she knows it. It is improbable that the proposal of friendship was a way for Diomedes to get a pricier suit of armor; after all, as champion of Athena, Diomedes probably could have killed Glaucos and taken the armor. He cannot hit Hector, however, though he kills Hector's chariot driver. With the help of Iris and Ares' chariot, the wounded Aphrodite returns to Olympus. Paris refuses to give up Helen. Good luck. Diomedes rescues Nestor, taking him into his own chariot and trusting Nestor's horses to two henchmen. Athene withdraws Ares from the fight. (It was the work of the Athenian tragedians centuries later to tear Homer's heroes down to human scale.) Battles follow, including a notable encounter in which Hector wounds Odysseus. 2 pages at 400 words per page) View a FREE sample. Diomedes and Athena wound Ares, who ascends to Olympus and complains to Zeus. Enraged at Aphrodite's interference, Diomedes pursues her and wounds her in the hand. Hera sends the goddess Athenato stop him. Andromache is attended by a nurse who carries Hector's infant son. She made his helm and shield burn with unwavering flame, like that of Sirius the star of harvest, who when he has bathed in the Ocean depths rises to shine brightest of all. The fawn releases the eagle by the altar the Achaeans built for Zeus, and so the Achaeans take heart and turn to fight the Trojans. Beginning with the high point of Diomedes' heroism, the Achaian successes will now steadily deteriorate into two culminating disasters: Achilles' rejection of Agamemnon's attempt at reconciliation (Book IX) and the Trojans' breaking through the Achaian wall protecting the Achaian ships (Book XII). Removing #book# Summary Book Six continues on the same day of fighting, and the Achaians have the advantage. Hector then speaks wishfully of a day when the Achaeans will be driven away forever and the Trojans can give thanks to the gods. Zeus is satisfied with her explanation and tells he… Diomedes is hit by one of Pandarus' arrows. Book 9 Summary: “The Embassy to Achilles” With Achaean morale low, Agamemnon calls an assembly and tearfully says that Zeus has tricked him: They will never conquer Troy and should return home. Diomedes leaps into battle, slaughtering warrior after warrior. 76-94 The fury of Diomedes is like a winter torrent. Aphrodite also joins in the fighting in this book, revealing her partisanship for the Trojans. Copyright © 1999 - 2021 GradeSaver LLC. from your Reading List will also remove any Athena and Hera then return to the Olympian palace, and the battle between the Achaians and the Trojans continues to rage, but now there are no gods fighting on either side. The Trojans, if defeated, pay a much higher price. Diomedes gallops into combat, encounters Ares, and drives a spear into his belly. Ares, the savage god of war, enters the Trojan ranks and helps Hektor rally his forces. Find a summary of this and each chapter of The Iliad! But the possibility remains that Diomedes has swindled a man to whom he has just proposed friendship, complicating this short scene. Aeneas is one of the gods' favorites. Nestor's announcement moments later is not accidental: he drives the Achaeans to forsake looting the bodies for now. The realization that their families have a history of friendship motivates the men to come to a separate peace between the two of them. Aeneas' treatment reveals how single-minded the gods can be once they have made a decision; or, alternatively, his treatment shows how the gods must act under the dictates of fate. making love to his wife wrapped in a cloud of gold, and then lulled into slumber by the god Sleep), Hector, a Trojan prince, has nearly been killed. It would be a mistake to say that Hector is the least proud of the heroes of the Iliad; as Lattimore has pointed out, Hector's pride takes the form of a great fear of looking like a coward. Yet when battle arises and he is called upon to do his duty, Diomedes fights with unmatched intensity. Wine come to the aid of the Iliad Books 1-4 set the stage for the child to day. To defy the gods do not partake of the offerings charge Hector, beloved of his and... 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